Tuesday, 29 October 2013
Final Late for school edit
late for school retake- from Meltem Ustun on Vimeo.
This is the final edit for the late for school retake, in this edit I included the different shots that my group and I took and combined them together in order to create the scene. By placing the shots together I used different camera and editing techniques to create a clear continuity between the shots also to show the audience what we was trying to create, an example of a technique we used in the short clip is a montage at the beginning of the clip.
assemble edit- from amelia williams on Vimeo.
Here is our first assemble edit we did before creating our final piece. Looking at this clip you can see the various changes we made whilst creating the short clip, our main edit we included in the final and not in the assemble is the montage. From this edit you can also see there is a change of actor in the clips, this is because our actress in this clip was not available when we had to shoot our final, so we had to use someone that was also flexible with our filming times which is one of our group members.
I believe the Final clip came out well as we gathered feedback from out teachers on the assemble edit, they gave us ways and ideas on how we can improve our clip to make it more interesting to watch. This has benefited us as we took there advice on board and created a fun, interesting and clear short clip for the audience.
Sunday, 20 October 2013
Task One- Narrative
Narrative
Linear Narrative
Linear narrative structure is when a story line has a beginning to end which is in chronological order. In linear narrative structure no flashbacks or flash-forwards is used as the story line is in chronological order, it wouldn't flow as well. Linear story line is mostly popular in soaps such as Easterners.
Here is the first ever episode for easterners. This soap is about the lives of everyday people who live the Easy-End of London.
Non-Linear Narrative
Non-linear narrative is the opposite of Linear narrative, this is because the story line can be in any order depending on the type of movie or soap it will be, also non-linear narrative includes flashbacks or flash-forwards as there is no clear structure, the structure is created in the process of creating the movie or soap. Most non-linear narrative structures can be effective during the makings of the movie as some directors would reveal the ending of the story at the beginning which might not appeal to every audience. Films from the director Tarantino are mostly non-linear.
Here is an example of one of Tarantino's non-linear narrative films. In this example is the trailer of Kill Bill which is a action/thriller film.
Flashback
A flashback is when a point in the film goes back in time to show something that has happened in the past. In a film there are many ways a flashback is entered for example it can be a flashback within a thought someone is having within the film also zooming into the face,flashbacks usually exist the same way they entered to create the flow of the scene.
Here is a clear example of a flashback in a film. This flashback is from the animated musical drama 'The Lion King' when Simba finds his dad Mufasa dead, the flashbacks are simba's flashbacks of him and his father together.
Realist
A realist narrative is when the story line is believable to the audience as it will appear as being real also being based on a true story which has happened in the past. This type of narrative structure is used in documentaries as it could have different effects on people as the documentary could be using real life information and real life footage.
Here is an example of realist narrative, this example is a trailer of the documentary '102 minutes that changed america'. This documentary is about the 9/11 bombings, all of the scenes of the documentary are all hand held footage which was taken on that day from the civilians who witnessed it. This is a great example of realist narrative as it shows clearly what the narrative is as it is mostly based on held footage which is real.
Anti-Realist
Anti-realist narrative is when a film is not real, and is made up the opposite of realist. With a anti-realist film a range of good quality effects are needed so it is still interesting and enjoyable for the audience. Depending on the genre, different effects are used for different genres to make the film more effective.
This is a trailer of Star wars, star wars is a popular example of anti-realism, this is because star wars is fictional which means the story line of the film is made up also the film is mostly based upon the types of costumes and different weapons used, this attracts the audience.
Task Two- Format
Format
What is format?
A format is a way in which something is set out or arranged in media, an example of this would be a series of a TV show, feature films, short films as well as a single drama. The examples that I have listed are the different ways in which films are presented or shown on TV. The TV shows listed underneath are a range of shows that uses single cameras.
What is a TV series?
When TV shows are created they are usually created during a long period of time by having various episodes, As TV shows consist of a large amount of episodes they are then placed in different series throughout the TV program. In different series, the continuity between the series have to be the same, an example of this would be either keeping the same title for the program also keeping the characters the same in addition to this the story line needs to be kept the same.
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Here is another example of single camera production, this is because 'Doctor Who' doesn't consist of many different locations throughout the series which is why only one camera is used. In addition the series doesn't consist of big action scenes which means not many cameras needed. This is also an example of a series, if different series the Doctor is always out looking for a new adventure, it also has different location settings each series. The continuity between the series is the characters which in this case it is the 'Doctor' with his two sidekicks 'Amy' and 'Rory'.
What is a feature film?
A feature film is a movie or a motion picture that has a long duration which is more than 40 minutes long. Feature films explain throughout the movie on what the whole plot of the movie is going to be about within the time set they are given from the movie. Throughout the feature film there would be a big build up from the beginning to the end on the actual plot and the real action/ surprise which always occurs towards the ends of feature films.
An example of a feature film is 'Fast and Furious 6' movie which is an action/crime/thriller based genre. The main plot of the movie was for 'Dom' the main character to reunite with his girlfriend 'Letti'. The duration of this feature film is 130 minutes, the film came out in theaters in 2013.
What is a short film?
A short film is a film that lasts a short period of time, shorts films are usually created as linear films as they are showing the beginning, middle and end within the short time that they have. Unlike a feature film a short film gets to the plot quicker as they are limited with time, also they keep the same characters from the beginning till the end so the continuity is kept.
An example of a short film is 'Candy Crime' which was directed by Ben Jacobson, the short film has a duration of 1 minute and 30 seconds, It was an award winning short film in 2011. The short film is about a group of teenagers wanting to steal the little gils candy but they then offer an exchange for the girls candy to what the teenage boy has. The main target audience this film applies to is young teens.
What is a single drama?
A single drama is a broadcast on TV which provides a presentation on real life today. They are usually only on TV once. Single dramas's are useful to have on TV once in a while as it gives a reality check to the viewers on what life is like today. Most single dramas are based on real life issues/topics which are usually completely different to any short film, however they can relate to feature films as some films are based on life in this century.
An example of a single drama is 'My Murder' which is based on true events. The single drama was aired only for an hour. The drama is about a true story about a 16 year old Shakilus Townsend, who was led to his death by the 15 year old he thought of as his girlfriend, which then became into a trap killing. The drama aired on the 17th of April in 2012 on BBC Three.
BBC Three was the most suited channel to air the single drama on as the viewers are usually the same target audience of the drama.
What is a feature film?
A feature film is a movie or a motion picture that has a long duration which is more than 40 minutes long. Feature films explain throughout the movie on what the whole plot of the movie is going to be about within the time set they are given from the movie. Throughout the feature film there would be a big build up from the beginning to the end on the actual plot and the real action/ surprise which always occurs towards the ends of feature films.
An example of a feature film is 'Fast and Furious 6' movie which is an action/crime/thriller based genre. The main plot of the movie was for 'Dom' the main character to reunite with his girlfriend 'Letti'. The duration of this feature film is 130 minutes, the film came out in theaters in 2013.
What is a short film?
A short film is a film that lasts a short period of time, shorts films are usually created as linear films as they are showing the beginning, middle and end within the short time that they have. Unlike a feature film a short film gets to the plot quicker as they are limited with time, also they keep the same characters from the beginning till the end so the continuity is kept.
An example of a short film is 'Candy Crime' which was directed by Ben Jacobson, the short film has a duration of 1 minute and 30 seconds, It was an award winning short film in 2011. The short film is about a group of teenagers wanting to steal the little gils candy but they then offer an exchange for the girls candy to what the teenage boy has. The main target audience this film applies to is young teens.What is a single drama?
A single drama is a broadcast on TV which provides a presentation on real life today. They are usually only on TV once. Single dramas's are useful to have on TV once in a while as it gives a reality check to the viewers on what life is like today. Most single dramas are based on real life issues/topics which are usually completely different to any short film, however they can relate to feature films as some films are based on life in this century.
BBC Three was the most suited channel to air the single drama on as the viewers are usually the same target audience of the drama.
Thursday, 17 October 2013
Task Three- Post it Love Analysis
‘Post-It Love’ Analysis
The opening shot of ‘Post-It Love’ is an establishing shot of the office; the shot is shown from a picture in the office of where they work. From the establishing shot, the camera switches to another shot of a close up of the woman this shows her facial expressions of her working in the office and how she feels about it in that moment of time. The focus of the close up is a shallow focus that is focused in her face and her background being blurred out, this creates more focus for the audience on the woman. In addition we know the woman is working in a office as there is a sound bridge of the printer from the establishing shot to the opening shot, this sets the setting of the short film also the layout of the lighting in the background also suggests the setting is in a office. The clothing the woman is wearing links to the technical code of mise en scene as it is her costume, suggests she is a very innocent and quite girl as well as clean. The reason for this is her shirt is buttoned up all the way to the top and her hair is pinned back neatly with a small pink clip which also symbolizes innocence. In addition the make up on the woman is very minimal which also suggests how pure and naive.
The next shot is a cut into a close up shot and a birds eye view of the woman photocopying, as she is photocopying the camera is then crabbing towards the left side which is of the man doing exactly the same thing which is him photocopying. The director is trying to create a mirror image with the woman and the man, this symbolizes just how alike both of the characters are in the short film. In this shot there is also a sound bridge used to show the connection and the link between both of the characters as the sound of the photocopier guides us to the man who is also photocopying.
From the birds eye view shot of what both characters are doing, the director then takes us into a medium long shot which gives us a clear view on both of the characters and what they are wearing as well as the similarity of there surroundings. The mise en scene shown in this shot is both of the characters clothing, they are both wearing very smart pieces of clothing for example from the shot you can see the man is wearing a grey suit and the woman has a shirt and a skirt on, this is in contrast with the setting as the clothing makes it more clear what there environment is like. In addition from the shot you can see the girl has pink tights on, this symbolizes her as being creative and quirky. Also this whole shot shows just how similar both of the characters are, in the shot both characters are doing each movement and action at the same time this shows the connection between the characters and also shows how the characters have something in common.
From the medium long shot of both characters, the camera transitions into a shallow focus of the mans face being focused on and the woman being blurred out, this creates a more focus on the man for the viewers so they only focus on him as it is a reaction shot of his feelings which is feeling surprised when he looks at the woman. After both characters make eye contact the woman is then in shallow focus as now the director is trying to show the audience the reaction shot of the woman by blurring the man out in the background, the reaction shot of her shows how she is intrigued by the man and starts to smile. This shot also shows the beginning of the characters new relationship as the reaction shots both give an insight to the audience how each character feel about each other.
From this previous shot there is a jump cut into a establishing shot of the office from a desk, we know this desk belongs to the man as after a few seconds of the establishing shot, the man walks in and sits at his desk. This just shows the audience where the next shot is going to be set. As the man sits down a medium long shot is used to show a reaction shot of his facial expression when he sees the note which shows he was very confused by who the note was from. throughout the scene there is the use of shallow focus for example when he is on his chair and wheeling backwards to see who sent the note and you see as he is looking around he is in more focus than the background, this is showing in more focus his facial expressions and how he is trying to figure out who sent it to him. Another example of the use of shallow focus is when he knows the lady sent the note which he then goes back to his desk and is a shallow focus on him smiling as well as thinking on what to create for her.
Throughout the whole short film the director uses the same diegetic sound which is also a sound bridge for each shot as it links them all together as well as synchronous as the song fits well with the short film this is because it is very playful and quirky which defines the relationship that is going on between the two characters.As this is a short film the director is trying to fit as many different types of editing techniques to make the short film effective for their audience.
The director also uses the technique graphic edit this is done when the lady walks into the room and as she turns the light on by pulling the string, the man creates a picture on the wall using the post sticks to create a flower which she is holding onto, this is a clear shot on how graphic edit is used in a short film.
From the birds eye view shot of what both characters are doing, the director then takes us into a medium long shot which gives us a clear view on both of the characters and what they are wearing as well as the similarity of there surroundings. The mise en scene shown in this shot is both of the characters clothing, they are both wearing very smart pieces of clothing for example from the shot you can see the man is wearing a grey suit and the woman has a shirt and a skirt on, this is in contrast with the setting as the clothing makes it more clear what there environment is like. In addition from the shot you can see the girl has pink tights on, this symbolizes her as being creative and quirky. Also this whole shot shows just how similar both of the characters are, in the shot both characters are doing each movement and action at the same time this shows the connection between the characters and also shows how the characters have something in common.
From the medium long shot of both characters, the camera transitions into a shallow focus of the mans face being focused on and the woman being blurred out, this creates a more focus on the man for the viewers so they only focus on him as it is a reaction shot of his feelings which is feeling surprised when he looks at the woman. After both characters make eye contact the woman is then in shallow focus as now the director is trying to show the audience the reaction shot of the woman by blurring the man out in the background, the reaction shot of her shows how she is intrigued by the man and starts to smile. This shot also shows the beginning of the characters new relationship as the reaction shots both give an insight to the audience how each character feel about each other.
From this previous shot there is a jump cut into a establishing shot of the office from a desk, we know this desk belongs to the man as after a few seconds of the establishing shot, the man walks in and sits at his desk. This just shows the audience where the next shot is going to be set. As the man sits down a medium long shot is used to show a reaction shot of his facial expression when he sees the note which shows he was very confused by who the note was from. throughout the scene there is the use of shallow focus for example when he is on his chair and wheeling backwards to see who sent the note and you see as he is looking around he is in more focus than the background, this is showing in more focus his facial expressions and how he is trying to figure out who sent it to him. Another example of the use of shallow focus is when he knows the lady sent the note which he then goes back to his desk and is a shallow focus on him smiling as well as thinking on what to create for her.
Throughout the whole short film the director uses the same diegetic sound which is also a sound bridge for each shot as it links them all together as well as synchronous as the song fits well with the short film this is because it is very playful and quirky which defines the relationship that is going on between the two characters.As this is a short film the director is trying to fit as many different types of editing techniques to make the short film effective for their audience.
The director also uses the technique graphic edit this is done when the lady walks into the room and as she turns the light on by pulling the string, the man creates a picture on the wall using the post sticks to create a flower which she is holding onto, this is a clear shot on how graphic edit is used in a short film.
Wednesday, 9 October 2013
Task 3- Editing History
What have been the most significant developments in editing history?
Throughout the existence of movies, the development of editing has improved enormously. The first man ever to invent the motion picture was Eadweard Muybridge; in 1878 Muybridge photographed a horse named "Sallie Gardner" in fast motion. Here is the clip that shows the invention of the fast motion that Muybridge created.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uMqIwZhEVqQ
I believe that analogue editing is a significant development throughout time as it has developed into digital editing which is used and still improving now days.
Analogue editing is a type of editing that was done before the existence of computers; analogue editing would have been done by hand which meant cutting and pasting different piece of films together which was then put through a machine such as a moviola. The reason why I believe this is a significant development is as it was the first ever form of editing a film which meant cutting different parts of the film and placing them in certain areas of the film.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6rbCK05H1yo
Here is a short clip of how analogue editing is used to edit a film. As everything was manual in analogue editing more time was taken into creating a film which also meant you had to be very careful as well as precise with certain shots because there is no going back and re doing your mistake.
Digital editing is a technique which allows you to cut and paste each shot, have access to any sort of frame, include different transitions such as fades. All these types of techniques cannot be created with linear editing this is the reason why digital editing is used to edit movies now days. I believe that digital editing is a very significant development from analogue as it is a more efficient way of editing a film.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVgRuz2xsEM
In this clip it shows how to include different editing techniques whilst editing the shots using digital editing.
I find that this video shows how easy it is to actually create the film and include different types of editing techniques just by using the clips that where shot for the film. The advantages of using digital editing is how fast it is to create the film also the storage to save the film on is cheap which means anyone can make a film and edit it using the storage they have and not having to worry about the amount of storage they are going to need. However the disadvantages in digital editing is the amount of money you need to invest in order to make a good film as you would want the sounding to be good as well as the editing.
On the top is a type of machine they would use whilst analogue editing, and on the bottom is the new technology that is used to edit films digitally. Looking at both pictures you can see how editing has changed dramatically and how analogue editing developed into digital editing over the years. In the pictures you can see how both types of technology has developed. Digital editing gives you access to use more editing techniques whilst editing the film where as analogue editing you would be very limited with the types of editing techniques you can use, this is why editors would find there job as editing the film so much more efficient as well as enjoyable..People would believe that digital editing is given the freedom to manipulate different shots and clips as well as photos.
Here is an example of manipulating a picture using digital editing.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iKeFcmkIylo
Edwin S Porter was one of the first to ever invent the idea of editing in the film industry. What Porter did was create a range of shots and placed them together to create the story line of a film to make it interesting for the viewers and engage there attention more. In order to create the story line in the film, Porter used analogue editing which he did manually by hand cutting the film and editing different shot to create his story he wanted for the film, most of Porters films where analogue edited together.
Tuesday, 1 October 2013
Development of editing
Editing Techniques
Analogue Editing
Analogue editing is a type of editing
that was done before the existence of computers, analogue editing would have
been done by hand which meant cutting and pasting different piece of films
together which was then put through a machine such as an moviola.
This is what an moviola looks like. A moviola was invented by a man called Iwan Serrurier in 1924, this is the first machine for
motion picture editing.
Digital Editing
Digital
editing is a technique which allows you to cut and paste each shot, have access
to any sort of frame, include different transitions such as fades. All these
types of techniques cannot be created with linear editing this is the reason
why digital editing is used to edit movies now days.
In
digital editing there are 2 types of editing options to choose from, the first
type of editing type is assemble edit which allows you edit the movie after its
shot, it also gives you access to edit the movie from the beginning till the
end, if there are changes made you would have to duplicate the original movie
and start recreating the editing on that. The second type of editing is
non-linear editing is done manually rather than assemble edit.
Here is an idea of what digital editing looks like and how it is created, this is a more improved way of editing rather than analogue editing.
In-Camera Editing
In-camera
editing is a type of technique that is used whilst the film making
production, it is shot within the sequence s. this reduces any form of editing
as it already complete as the film is developed and ready. This is
completed by strict planning of what shots are needed and fit well together to
make the film clear and understanding for the viewers as well as enjoyable for
them to watch.
An
advantage of this techniques is it reduces the costs of the production
which meant film makers where satisfied to use this technique as it can
maximize film usage, another advantage of in-camera editing is it
requires no editing equipment which meant it was easier to shoot a film as well
as saves money for the cinematographers, in addition in-camera editing removes
the need of post production editing if the shots where taken accurately
there would be no need for more editing.
Following The Action
Following
the action is a technique where you follow the characters or subject throughout
the movie. This is done by several cameras on set whilst filming would capture
different angles of the characters and see what ones fit well together, you
would also have a camera that follows the character throughout filming whilst
other camera shots are taken from different angles. This technique provides
more depth for the viewer, rather than watching the characters from shot to
shot, you can follow the characters throughout which will make it flow better.
Multiple points of views
Multiple
points of view is a technique which allows different views of the characters on
screen, there are different types to use such as point of views shots (POV) and
over the shoulder shots (OSS).
The
advantages and disadvantages of the multiple points of view is the point of
view gives you more of a complete view of the events happening in the sequence,
where as the disadvantage of the (POV) is the readers are confined to one
perspective throughout the story.
Here is a short clip from the movie 'Sherlock Holmes'. throughout the sequence there is different point of views from the characters.
Shot Variation
Shot
variation is a technique used whilst filming the sequences this is done by the
movement of images, the types of shots used include wide shot, long shot,
medium shot, close up etc. most of these types of shots are used in a film to
create different effects on the viewers.
Here
is a short clip of different types of shot variations used in a movie. This
shot is from the movie ‘the matrix’ which is the scene called the ‘bullet
time’, in this shot there are different type of shot variations used to create
an effect on the viewer.
Manipulation of diegetic time and sound
Manipulation
of diegetic time and space is when is when an edit is created in order to make
the environment or object change over a period of time for example it can show
a person at a young age and get older within the movie. This allows the
audience to visible see the time change throughout the movie and have a clear
understanding on what is going on throughout the film.
Editing definitions
Continuity Techniques
Match On Action
Match on action is a filming technique that is used to preserve the continuity of the sequence, the way this is done is by connecting two shots together, one shot with a similar end as the second shot which means it would make the sequence of the shots more smooth as well as flow better, this technique is used in most movies to move from one shot to another.
Here is a short clip of the movie 'Bringing up the baby', in this short sequence the math on action is shown within 0.23/0.24 seconds of lady and the man with the glasses also the man sitting down.The first shot is a MS of all 3 of the characters there is then a match on action when the lady is going to light her cigarette in the MS and into a CU of the lady actually lighting the cigarette.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=laUPi7MPOSQ
Here is another example of the technique, in this example the girl picks up a book and starts to read it, to keep the consistency of each shot they use the technique very well as it all flows well together.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=laUPi7MPOSQ
Here is another example of the technique, in this example the girl picks up a book and starts to read it, to keep the consistency of each shot they use the technique very well as it all flows well together.
180 Degree Rule
The 180 degree rule is a technique
where the relationship between a character and another character or an object
is shown in a certain way. By doing this, cinematographers would create an
imaginary line called the axis which connects the characters by keeping the
camera on one side of the axis for all the shots, whilst taking the shots on
one side you cant cross over the axis whist filming unless the camera passes
over the axis which is called jumping the line.
Here is a short clip from the movie 'Leon: The professional', In this short sequence it shows how the clip is shot using the 180 degree rule, by using this rule it helps the shots flow well as there is continuity throughout the sequence.
This is what a film would look like if they did not use the 180 degree rule.
This is a short clip from the movie 'The Getaway', in this short clip you can see where and how the camera man is crossing the axis, by doing this has an effect on the movie, the consistency of the movie does not flow very well and there is no continuity between each shot which makes it harder to understand the emotion the sequence is trying to give.
Eye-Line Match
Eye-line match is associated with
continuity editing system based on what the audience will want to see what the
character is seeing, occurs when the eye line match begins with a character
looking a different way.
Here is a clear example of a eye-line match, the actress in the sequence is looking into the distance which then links to the next shot as you know what she is looking at which is a painting. It then cuts into another shot of her looking at the picture but a CU of her eyes then the last shot which cuts into a CU of the painting. This makes it clear on what the actress is looking at.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kHJ3pJIEZw
Here is another clear example of eye-line matching, in this example the there is a woman looking through a whole to see the other side, her eye-line match is her looking through the whole and seeing what is on the other side which is a man walking out of a house.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kHJ3pJIEZw
Here is another clear example of eye-line matching, in this example the there is a woman looking through a whole to see the other side, her eye-line match is her looking through the whole and seeing what is on the other side which is a man walking out of a house.
Shot Reverse Shot
Shot reverse shot is a technique
when one character is shown to be looking at another character, then the other
character is shown to be looking back at the first character.
Here is a clear example of shot reverse shot, a conversation between the two characters which would switch shots from each of the characters POV or the shots would be a over the shoulder shot.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cvof8mI6pXk
Here is another example of the use of this technique within a film, in the short clip shot reverse shot is shown between the two characters talking. In this clip it shows clearly how the technique flows within the shots.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cvof8mI6pXk
Here is another example of the use of this technique within a film, in the short clip shot reverse shot is shown between the two characters talking. In this clip it shows clearly how the technique flows within the shots.
Establishing Shot
Establishing shot is when the first
shot of the scene is designed to show the audience where the action is taking
place this is usually used in LS and in extreme LS.
This is a example of what establishing shots look like, they give the viewers a clear shot of what the setting is like or where it is set before the movie begins.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmF-PBPLlcA
Here is another example of the technique used in a movie, in this example the establishing shot of the road and the building is shown, it then switches to another shot which is an apartment within the building shown. This is a clear example of how an establishing shot should consist of.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmF-PBPLlcA
Here is another example of the technique used in a movie, in this example the establishing shot of the road and the building is shown, it then switches to another shot which is an apartment within the building shown. This is a clear example of how an establishing shot should consist of.
Montage Editing
Montage editing is a series of
shots edited together into a sequence from various sources to create a set of
interconnected ideas. Montage editing is also known as a pictorial composition
made by juxtaposing.
Here is a clip of the montage Kuleshov created, in this video Kuleshov is trying to convey his emotions with the different images shown. As Kuleshov has the same facial expression with the different images that are shown adds more effect for the viewers.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F2bk_9T482g
Here is a great example of montage editing, in this example is a montage that was created for the beginning of the movie 'up'. This example shows clearly what a montage is and how it should be.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F2bk_9T482g
Here is a great example of montage editing, in this example is a montage that was created for the beginning of the movie 'up'. This example shows clearly what a montage is and how it should be.
Parallel Editing
Parallel editing is when two or more alternating scenes are at the same instant but in different locations within the film. This usually occurs when when the scenes are similar within each other, they meet at a climax within the film and confront each other, this is also known as cross cutting as you would switch from one scene to another quite rapidly.
Cross cutting was first used by Edwin S. Porter in his movie 'The Great Train Robbery' in1903. In the movie Porter used cross cutting to show what took place within each scene that are both in two different places.
http://archive.org/details/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555
Here is the movie of 'The Great Train Robbery', throughout the movie you can see how Porter used the technique. In the movie Porter has 14 scenes all together, within each scene there the characters are located in different locations for example the first scene is in a room and the second shot is near the railway and a power station.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qbFZnGT72z0
Here is another example of cross cutting in a more modern movie 'The Silence Of the Lambs' which was shot in 1991. People would suggest this is the famous occurrences of cross cutting in american cinema.
Graphic Match
Graphic match is a technique where you make cuts between the shots, you have to create a center of focus for viewers so when you want the next shot the focus would be in a similar place, this will help create a smooth transition between the shots, in order to create a tense feeling within the shots all you have to do is whilst editing the shots together, you make sure the shots don't match graphically.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7bvT1w77Yg
Here is a clear example of graphic match from a film, in the example it shows a man riding a horse, within 0.3 seconds of the clip you see the graphic match where 2 different shots where placed together. As this clip is from a film called 'Come On Rangers' which was taken in 1938, the quality of the graphic match is not as good however it is still very clear.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uaGd6PQg3ig
Here is another good example of graphic matching, however with this clip consists of the graphic match between 2 different shots for example the first shot is a red traffic light which is then graphically matched with the sun. I found this video very interesting as the flow between each shot fit very well together.
30 Degree Rule
30 degree rule is a basic rule which is used as a editing guideline for when the camera is being used to take a shot, the camera should only money at least 30 degrees between the shots of the same subject. If there is a fault whits shooting the shots such as a jump cut this could risk the focus of the viewers as they would start to focus on the editing techniques of the film rather than focusing on the actual film.
Parallel editing is when two or more alternating scenes are at the same instant but in different locations within the film. This usually occurs when when the scenes are similar within each other, they meet at a climax within the film and confront each other, this is also known as cross cutting as you would switch from one scene to another quite rapidly.
Cross cutting was first used by Edwin S. Porter in his movie 'The Great Train Robbery' in1903. In the movie Porter used cross cutting to show what took place within each scene that are both in two different places.
http://archive.org/details/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555
Here is the movie of 'The Great Train Robbery', throughout the movie you can see how Porter used the technique. In the movie Porter has 14 scenes all together, within each scene there the characters are located in different locations for example the first scene is in a room and the second shot is near the railway and a power station.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qbFZnGT72z0
Here is another example of cross cutting in a more modern movie 'The Silence Of the Lambs' which was shot in 1991. People would suggest this is the famous occurrences of cross cutting in american cinema.
Graphic Match
Graphic match is a technique where you make cuts between the shots, you have to create a center of focus for viewers so when you want the next shot the focus would be in a similar place, this will help create a smooth transition between the shots, in order to create a tense feeling within the shots all you have to do is whilst editing the shots together, you make sure the shots don't match graphically.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O7bvT1w77Yg
Here is a clear example of graphic match from a film, in the example it shows a man riding a horse, within 0.3 seconds of the clip you see the graphic match where 2 different shots where placed together. As this clip is from a film called 'Come On Rangers' which was taken in 1938, the quality of the graphic match is not as good however it is still very clear.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uaGd6PQg3ig
Here is another good example of graphic matching, however with this clip consists of the graphic match between 2 different shots for example the first shot is a red traffic light which is then graphically matched with the sun. I found this video very interesting as the flow between each shot fit very well together.
30 Degree Rule
30 degree rule is a basic rule which is used as a editing guideline for when the camera is being used to take a shot, the camera should only money at least 30 degrees between the shots of the same subject. If there is a fault whits shooting the shots such as a jump cut this could risk the focus of the viewers as they would start to focus on the editing techniques of the film rather than focusing on the actual film.
Here is a clip of how the 30 degree rule works, in this example it shows a man which describes how the 30 degree rule works and what it is, whilst the man is informing us about the rule there is a young boy which is acting out what the 30 degree rule looks like.
Here is another example of how the 30 degree rule, in this example the two young men are having a conversation using shot reverse shot as well as the 30 degree rule, this also helps the flow with the shots as it makes it clear and fit well together.
Continuity Editing
Continuity editing is a technique which allows you to create a smooth and consistent effect between two different shots, for example in one frame of the movie, a man should wear a red shirt and in the next shot the man should be wearing the same red shirt rather than a black shirt, this shows the consistency between the shots rather than being two different shots by wearing different shirts in each shot.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fANYMHLuZQ
Here is a clear example of how continuity editing is used between different shots, in this example it shows the man taking his phone out of his pocket and using it, between all the shots in the short clip, the consistency of each of the shots fit well together as they are very smooth and in a sequential manner.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JWDMY8jEUY
Here is another example of the technique being used in a short sequence, in this example the boy has overslept from a crazy night which he then ends up being late for a meet up or a train which is shown at the end, but the technique is shown between all the shots in the sequence as he is running towards the station, the consistency is very clear and smooth.
Continuity editing is a technique which allows you to create a smooth and consistent effect between two different shots, for example in one frame of the movie, a man should wear a red shirt and in the next shot the man should be wearing the same red shirt rather than a black shirt, this shows the consistency between the shots rather than being two different shots by wearing different shirts in each shot.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6fANYMHLuZQ
Here is a clear example of how continuity editing is used between different shots, in this example it shows the man taking his phone out of his pocket and using it, between all the shots in the short clip, the consistency of each of the shots fit well together as they are very smooth and in a sequential manner.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JWDMY8jEUY
Here is another example of the technique being used in a short sequence, in this example the boy has overslept from a crazy night which he then ends up being late for a meet up or a train which is shown at the end, but the technique is shown between all the shots in the sequence as he is running towards the station, the consistency is very clear and smooth.
creating a montage in the crash sequence
For this video i have created a short montage from the clips of the crash, by doing this i have used different types of techniques in order to complete the montage. The techniques i have used is overlapping once scene with another, this has an effect on the viewer as it creates tension for the viewer and also gives them a clear idea on what is happening in the short montage created. Another technique i used to created the montage were different types of video transitions to link each shot for example i included a cross dissolve towards the last scene which dissolves into black, this creates tension for the viewer as they dont know what to expect.
Applying Targets From The Meeting
In this short film that we have created ourselves we used the basics of editing a film to create our short movie. My group and I shot a short sequence of the theme 'The Meeting'. With the theme that was given to us,we created a short sequence of two friends meeting up to spend time with each other.
In order to start filming my group and I had to create a plan on how we wanted the short film. By doing this we sketched rough images of each shot and how we wanted everything set and laid out, in the process of planning you also have to think of different editing techniques you would like to include in the movie for example we included an editing technique such as matching on action which creates a flow between the whole sequence.
Kuleshov Montage
In this video i have put together a montage using Kuleshov's idea by putting different types of images together that are not related with each other, within the montage i included a dull facial expression which is similar to Kuleshov's montage that he created. In Kuleshov's montage he included a range of images which are effective and created a image of himself of a natural face expression, by doing this Kuleshov is showing his audience the effect he has with the pictures. This is what i tried to create with the montage i created.
Here is the original video of the montage experiment Kuleshov created. When we was creating our advert, we used the montage that Kuleshov created as inspiration.
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