Assignment 3A

Contracts and Ethics
Within the TV and film industry there are a range of different employment contracts that are given to employers. Some of the contract types include:

• Full-time and part time contracts- within the contract it gives them information about the regulations within there job such as, statutory minimum level of paid holidays, a payslip showing any deductions, any statutory sick payments (SSP), maternity, paternity and adoption pay and leave, make sure the employee doesn't work longer then there maximum hours, employees have to be paid at least minimum wage, have liability insurance which protects the purchaser from the risk of liabilities imposed by others, take on any flexible working requests etc. 
• Fixed term contracts- within a fixed term contract it requires information such as, last for a certain length of time, the contract ends when a specific task is completed, it also ends with a specific event taking place, Fixed term employees have to receive the same treatment as any full time permanent staff as well as get there SSP (statutory sick pay) if needed for 28 weeks. 
• Agency staff-  This is when you ca hire staff through different agencies, this also consists of different regulations such as you have to pay the agency as well as the employees national  insurance contributions and statutory sick pay, agencies responsibilities to make sure workers get the right, make sure the employee has the right to access any facilities etc.
• Freelancers, consultants and contractors- freelance, consultants and contractors all are self employed or are part of other companies, might not be entitled to the same rights as workers such as minimum wage etc.
• Zero hour contracts- zero hour contracts are for piece work or on call work for example interpreters. They are usually on call to work when you need them, work does not have to be given to them also they don't have  to work when they are asked.

Confidentiality Agreements
Confidentiality agreements is mostly used in the TV and film industries to make sure the information about a show or a film does not get out to the public before the official release date given, as it can be ruined for the public. In order to make sure nothing would get out all members that are involved in the making of the production have to sign a contract to make sure that no information what so ever is leaked to the public, this also relates with any of the employment contracts as in working with TV  can mean your employment contract that you have is a confidentiality agreement with the contract which then means the company can trust you with any information and that they know you won't share any of the ideas with other people or companies.

Exclusivity contract
An exclusivity contract means when someone has made an official agreement with the time they are working for the company, as a production is in process anyone involved in TV and film that is being shot within the same time other projects come up, anyone within the company would not be able to go to a different project as they would have a contract between the recent project.

Codes of practice
When you get a job at any type of television company, a few of the main things that are pointed out to you are the codes of practice. An example of this a company like the BBC have some codes of practice which has to be followed by everyone working within the business, these rules given  must be followed at all times as it also does consist issues such as health and safety within the working environment, as well as a range of different rules that consist within the job. This would also relate if you are a freelancer, you would also have to follow any of the codes of practice that is given, however the codes of practice are not given from the company your working with but the union you are apart of, when you follow the rules that are given it makes you apart of the union and the work. In addition to this you can also have your own codes of practice whilst your an employee such as if you are not happy with where you work, you are always able to leave the job.
Here is a site where is shows you the codes of practices for the BBC.
http://murphyhannah.wordpress.com/2013/03/18/bbc-codes-conventions/
On the website the BBC highlight there main codes of practices, and talk  about how they handle a few of the rules given to them. Some of these practices consist of causing harm and effect, truth and accuracy, fairness etc. Topics like this have to be taken in to consideration at a job like this as you have to think of everyone's safety within the company even yourself. This is why it is really important for the codes of practice to be followed.

Causing harm and offence
For causing harm and offence, the BBC  discuss as well as approve content during there production meetings, on the BBC's guidelines in regards to causing any time harm and offence. Whilst having a meeting, at all times the consideration should be taken on board of who there viewers and audience are. The thoughts taken in are things such as when and how the show would be accessed to the people in addition to this if any of the content is ethical. As it is an entertainment channel there are certain values within the channel this can consist of using appropriate language, treat the audience equally, no form of insulting or discriminating age etc. In addition to this anyone that is shown on the show they must protect there physical safety or their identity, especially anything stated with children.

Truth and accuracy

With this code, the main point it is trying to make is to make sure any relevant facts and information that is gathered for the company should be truthful and accurate, it would also need to be provided with solid evidence of the findings. This is mostly aimed at  anything related with the news, as the audience will be expecting the truth to be given to them, also by making sure the information is reliable it would maintain a high standard of professionalism for the company as it would show that they do not produce any false statements as some things can be very misleading to the audience, unethical etc. People dont expect the BBC to gossip or post any false information. 

My own opinion on codes of practice that the BBC use are very fair to their viewers, the reason for this is there number one priority is making sure they are keeping the audience they are aiming at happy and pleased, they take in there considerations when decision making which is benefitial as they are taking on board what there audience wants from them also they make sure all of there viewers are very comfortable whilst watching the TV channel. In addition to this to make sure there audience can think they are trust worthy, they are gathering accurate information which is making BBC a reliable source. Within all the codes of practice the BBC use it helps them  create a guideline and a structure on how the shows should be put together in order to keep their viewers happy. 

Within the BBC they have a range of policies and procedures before any of there shows are aired on TV. Before it is aired, there are different stages that the show has to go through, this consists of a green flag being shown before the show, this is so they all go through the equality and diversity stage. Another procedure the BBC have to take on before they air any general policies and guidelines for the show, they have to go over things such as advertising, as the BBC does not permit advertisements and sponsorships they do not have access to advertising between shows.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-25657949

The social concern I decided to look at in more detail is the Mark Duggen incident that occurred not to long ago. I found the information on the BBC website which talks about in more detail on how the shooting occured etc. The BBC wrote a report ob how it all happened as well as the views from others on the armed police in addition to this the reason for why the riots had occurred. In the report there is various information on different opinions from the public about the events that have happened. The news report is a very open report as it is balanced because they are not taking sides or even giving any of there opinions. The report was created in order to just give the public the information they need to know about the incident. 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/7495384.stm

Here is a news report on how british muslims are represented in the media, this report talks about how they are represented as well as the occurring events they have experienced for  example the report mentions threats that they have received etc. There are a range of quotes that is shown on the report from different people around the country. The BBC approach this by only showing the quotes and the  opinions where as they keep there opinion to themselves which makes the report they balanced.

Task 5- Methods of research

In order to start planning for an advertising campaign, it is important to research different adverts. By doing this you can go about gathering primary research with either creating questionnaires or focus groups to see the opinions they can give to you in order to create the advert for there interest, by dong this you would have to aim at the specific target audience you are aiming at.  In addition to this you can also gather secondary research, this is done by gathering a few ideas from a range of different adverts that are put there in the public, this can be done by looking at adverts online or even in public etc.  also tertiary research can be used, this is when you combined both primary and secondary research together, you can then make your own opinion on the information you have found and start your plan. Quantitative research is when you have measurable data, this can be measured with a fixed amount. Qualitative research is when you gather deep information which is useful but harder to summarise, this is good for a large amount of information such as having a range of opinions from people.

Audience research is when you go about to find out the different opinions from the target audience, this can help you by gaining the opinions from the target audience so you can make the advert according to there interest. also when you are planning you also have to think about marketing, by doing this you have to think about the competitors you have within the advertising business. Production research is when any of the pre- production activities that need to be done. 

Assignment 2A/2B

Assignment 2C

Shift work:
Shift work is when different crew members are working 24 hours of the day according to the shift they have been assigned to do. Within the day of filming, different working areas have been divided into individual sifts which are then given to different crew members, this means everyone within the crew have different job areas which each has a different shift pattern during the day as well as the night. There shift hours are given to them by the manager on set, after they have got there shift times they are able to change or rotate hours  there shifts with other  members of the crew according to there shift. However a disadvantage of shift work is the over night shifts can get very long and tiring, this can effect the employee as it might have a strain on the employees personal and family relationships. As there are different shift work to take on within the TV/film, you can take up the different shifts and take turns with another employee and negotiate a shift pattern that suits the employee the most.

Fixed term:
Fixed term is when a employees has to have a contract with the company/organisation which the employee works for, this also implies to a contract that has been signed by the employee which has a set date and time of when the employee should work. This usually occurs when there is a new employee working on a project. Within TV and film companies, their crew members are usually on fixed terms which will end when the film is finished.

Office hours:
Office hours are when there are a set amount of hours that are given that you have to work between. However this doesn't occur as much with the cast and crew from any  TV and film sets, this is as they would tend to have longer hours to get the film done quicker as well as complete the movie within the date they have set. This doesn't always occur with everyone in the crew or cast, as the directors would have to stay longer than any of the cast members. An example of this is the actors/actresses coming in and just performing the part for that scene and then leave once they are done where as the other members of the crew would still have to stay.

Freelance:
A freelancer is someone who works for themselves, which makes them self employed. This means that they are not committed with another employer long term unlike someone with a fixed term. Majority of cast and crew members on a TV and film set are freelancers. A good example of a freelancer in the film and TV industry are actors as they don't work with long term employers.

Irregular pattern:
An irregular pattern is when someone from the cast and crew would work hours that they wouldn't usually work, this can consist of long hours or even early starts. An example of this would be majority of directors would be working an irregular pattern, the reason for this is to make sure the film is at is best and on track. In addition to this editors also work an irregular pattern as they have edit the film together which never has specific hours.

Hourly rates:
Hourly rates is how much the cast and the crew get paid with each hour they work. As there are a range of different job roles within the TV and film industry, people are paid a different amount each hour depending on their position within the job.

Piece work:
A piece work is the decider on how much a certain person should get paid depending on the amount of work they have done. An example of this would be actors, as they are the main characters in the film which are usually famous stars. In most of the footage they are in they are paid a large amount of money as they have a longer viewing on screen. This does not relate to an extra as they get paid less as they have a shorter amount of screen time.

Task 3- Analysing a television advert

The product the advert is advertising is a perfume which is the 'Miss Dior Cherie' by Christian Dior. Throughout the advert there are small shots of the character with the perfume in her hand, you don't know till the end of the advert that it is a perfume advert as they show the perfume with the character lying behind it with a black ribbon going around the bottle.

The mood and feeling that you get from this commercial is a very romantic feel, as well as a loving mood that is given from the advert. By advertising the perfume, the advertisers are trying to portray the romance that you would have when you use this perfume. In addition to this they are using transference. 

The soundtrack used for the advert fits well with what the advert is trying to portray which is the sweet sense of the perfume, you know this by the soundtrack as it is a very high pitched song with a flow beat which makes it fit with the advert. within the song you also have people talking in french, which make the advert sound romantic as you see the romance between the two lovers within the advert. With the soundtrack, it makes the advert more affectionate and passionate. Towards the end of the advert, you hear a voice over of Natalie Portman's voice. Her voice over is telling the viewers what perfume it is and who it is by, as you don't know what the advert is about or who it is by, the voice over at the end is like a recap of what the advert is all about and what the main thing they are selling. If the voice over was to be a man with a broad voice or a woman with a very high pitch voice, the advert would not be seen in the same way. It is a very affectionate and romantic advert, which means having someone shouting for the voice over would not portray the advert and not as many people would be attracted to it.

The main characters that are in the advert are two famous american actors, the main character is Natalie Portman and the other character is Alden Ehrenreich who plays the man in the advert. The reason why Christian Dior chose Natalie Portman to be the face of their new perfume is so the people that are a fan of the actress Natalie Portman is and would want to buy the product more as they know she is advertising it as well as people would want to smell like her more. With the advert, the characters fit well with what the advert is trying to portray such as the simplification of the perfume is also shown within the advert from the way the character moves, to the way she dresses and acts as well as their surroundings. These are all ways of making the advert feel very simple effortless but yet meaningful, passionate and affectionate. in addition to having the man within the advert makes it appeal to a more older target audience, the reason for this is it is trying to appeal to a target audience who is looking for a man, as this advert is showing you how this perfume attracts men. 

In this advert, it catches your attention by the way the advert goes about, for example at first the advert can be mistaken for a clip or a trailer for a movie, the reason for this is of the well known celebrities used in the advert as well as the storyline of the advert which is about the two characters falling in love. When you watch the advert, the advert is trying to send a message as if you use this perfume you would get the guy and have a romantic relationship, this is shown by the simplification of the advert. This would encourage young women to buy the perfume as they would want to alter there world and make it more like a fairytale and similar to the advert.

This advert was aimed at a range audience, from young women to middle aged women as well as upper class women, this is because the characters in the advert are very young, it also reminds you of young love. As I said this is also aimed at middle aged women ad upper class, the reasons for this is the advert is trying to say you can get a man which then would encourage single middle aged women to throw them selves out there more. And lastly this is also aimed at an upper class audience, this is because of the well known brand it is which is a french expensive brand 'Christian Dior', which upper class women would be attracted to. I believe the advertiser created the advert as they did to appeal to there target audience as it is all about love, romance, young love etc. In the advert it also advertises how simple but yet affective it is for example the simplification of there location as well as there perfume bottle is affective as it attracts the man. If the advert was just a plain advert advertising the perfume, I  highly doubt it would grab the target audience they are aiming at, the reason for this it is not encouraging or giving a reason for the perfume to be brought.

Task 1- Forms of television advertising

This advert of the 'Halifax- home finder app' is a realist narrative advert, the reason for this is within the advert, these are the things that could happen in real life as well as be apart of peoples day to day life. It is about a couple finding a house for there future, many people could relate to this. Within the advert there are a range of shots used such as medium close ups as well as close ups, the reason why these shots where used for this particular advert is so you see there body language as well as expressions when they are looking at the houses. In addition to this they also use some edits of slow motion when the man hits his head on the door, this shows how they feel about the house which  is them not liking the house. Lastly the lighting used in the advert is very low this gives a very depressed feeing at the beginning of the advert, but towards the end when they use the app which they are advertising, everything seems to feel more warm and shows how they are happy with what they have found, this is very clear to the audience. 



This is a anti-realist advert, the reasons for it being an anti-realistic is because the adults look in the mirror which then they see there reflection but as babies. This is a fantasized advert as that can never happen in real life. The advert is advertising Evian water, and how it makes you feel young. The shots that have been used throughout the advert is an establishing shot at the beginning to show where the location is of the advert which is in the city, close ups to see the characters facial expressions when they look in the mirror as well as long shots to show the actions of the characters. All these types of shots are used for different reasons. By using fantasy, it can engage the audience as it is something that hasn't been seen before which the audience can find enjoyable as well as fun to watch. The advert can also encourage there viewers to buy the product as they are showing the audience how you can feel young again just by drinking there water. 



Here is a Animation advert, this advert is about raising awareness for 'THINK road safety'. This advert is targeted at a younger age group, as it is teaching them about road safety at a younger age. This is beneficial for the younger audience as they will kind the advert interesting and catchy which would make them remember the advert. They created the advert in the way that the younger audience would enjoy it, by doing this they include a park which kids would be very interested by as well as the animals. In addition to this they make it clear on the parent and the child in the advert which would also show the younger audience on how they should act when in this situation.



This is a documentary reconstruction type advert, this advert is also a raising awareness advert for speeding. The advert is aimed at a older target audience as they can drive. The advantages of this advert is it raises awareness on speeding and how you should make sure you dont speed over the road limit that is given, this advert is important and effective as it shows how a pedestrian could get killed. This can have an effect on some people. In addition to this the creators of the advert included a rewind and slow motion edit when the pedestrian gets hit, the rewind shows how the woman got hit and how it had such an impact on her, by having this as slow motion, you can see effective it was.



Here is a interview based TV advert. This advert is advertising the 'No7 anti-ageing skincare'. In the interview they are talking about the benefits of the skincare products and how good they are. The advantages for this TV advert is the viewers might be attracted to the ratings the actors are giving the cream. With interview adverts, they all talk about the product to encourage the viewers to buy the product. The shots used in the advert are medium long shots to show the body language of the women in the advert, this makes look



This is a stand alone TV advert, this advert is about the accident injury solicitors which shows the viewers how they can call the helpline if they go through any injuries. Most adverts like this are usually one off adverts which consist of one advert that wont be shown on TV again. The advantages of having a stand alone advert is it makes it more unique. in addition to this they don't have series adverts which means you wont see the same accident injury advert. The shots that have been used in the advert are medium shots to show the body language on the characters as well as close ups to show there facial expressions, this is showing the viewers how it can effect you.



Here is a series of adverts. BT adverts are usually a series of different adverts which all link together with the same characters, same location etc. The advert is advertising BT internet and broadband. Having adverts as a series makes you feel more comfortable with the advert as well as encourage the viewers to purchase the product they are selling as they are now very familiar with it. In addition to this, it is also a realist advert as there are real situations involved within the advert such as students living all together might want to consider in the broadband as they would need a cheaper broadband network as they still might be studying etc.

Assignment 1C